Human skin absorption of bis-2-(chloroethyl)sulphide (sulphur mustard)in vitro

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Chilcott ◽  
J. Jenner ◽  
W. Carrick ◽  
S. A. M. Hotchkiss ◽  
P. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Absorption ◽  
Sulphur Mustard

Assessment of the biochemical effects of percutaneous exposure of sulphur mustard in an in vitro human skin system

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
CD Lindsay ◽  
P. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agent ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Sulphur Mustard ◽  
Nuclear Pyknosis ◽  
Skin Explants

1 Sulphur mustard (HD) is a potent chemical warfare agent which causes incapacitating blisters on human skin. There is no specific pretreatment nor therapy against this agent and the mechanism of dermo-epidermal cleavage is unclear. The aim of this study was to use a human skin explant system to determine the consequences of percuta neous exposure to HD. 2 Increased activities of serine proteases associated with blistering disorders in humans were detected from human skin explants after exposure to HD. The most consistent response and the highest protease activities measured were found for trypsin. This class of enzyme is therefore implicated in the dermo-epidermal separation which is associated with blistering in humans following exposure to HD. 3 An inflammatory response was observed in the skin explants exposed to HD. At low doses of HD it was characterised by the presence of neutrophils in the papillary dermis, culminating in the infiltration of the epidermis by these inflammatory cells at higher concen trations of HD. A variety of other histopathological changes in the explants was found such as focal dermo- epidermal separation, nuclear pyknosis and perinuclear vacuolation. 4 The study indicates that full thickness human skin explants can be used to investigate various aspects of the possible pathogenesis of HD-induced skin damage, in cluding the associated inflammatory response.

Use of a Simple in vitro Test to Assess Loss of Chemical due to Volatility during an in vitro Human Skin Absorption Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Grégoire ◽  
Richard Cubberley ◽  
Hélène Duplan ◽  
Joan Eilstein ◽  
Nicola J. Hewitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Skin Absorption ◽  
Absorption Study ◽  
Vitro Test

In vitro skin absorption and decontamination of sulphur mustard: comparison of human and pig-ear skin

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Chilcott ◽  
J. Jenner ◽  
S. A. M. Hotchkiss ◽  
P. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Skin Absorption ◽  
Sulphur Mustard

scholarly journals Anti-Aging Potential of Substance P-Based Hydrogel for Human Skin Longevity

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 4453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Jung Kim ◽  
Song Sun Chang ◽  
Jungsun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Collagen Synthesis ◽  
Skin Penetration ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Skin Absorption ◽  
Collagen Production ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Skin aging is generally caused by a decline in the components of the extracellular matrix (e.g., collagen and elastin) and due to inflammatory phenomena. Many growth factors and peptides with cell-growth and collagen-synthesis activities have shown promise in their application in anti-aging materials. However, the effect of collagen production, without anti-inflammatory effect, and skin penetration may not be enough for their use in anti-aging agents. Previously, we reported a substance P (SP)-based hydrogel (SP gel) that had potential wound-healing activities via induction of skin cell regeneration and collagen synthesis. Here, we analyzed the anti-aging activities and skin absorption effects of SP gel to extend its characterization. Toxicity tests, performed on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and on a reconstructed 3D human skin model, indicated SP gel to be safe for long-term use, without causing irritation, even at high concentrations. In-vitro analysis revealed that SP gel elicited stronger collagen production activities than SP alone, and promoted anti-inflammatory effects with increased skin absorption properties. Moreover, SP gel did not induce melanin synthesis in a keratinocyte-melanocyte co-culture system. Together, the results suggest that SP gel has potential cosmetic effects and applicability as a novel ingredient in anti-aging products.

In Vitro Human Skin Absorption of Solvent-Deposited Solids: Niacinamide and Methyl Nicotinate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald B. Kasting ◽  
Matthew A. Miller ◽  
Lijing Xu ◽  
Fang Yu ◽  
Joanna Jaworska
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Absorption ◽  
Methyl Nicotinate

Desmosomal distribution in the epidermis of a non-contracting human skin equivalent

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 896-897
Author(s):  
L.X. Oakford ◽  
S.D. Dimitrijevich ◽  
R. Gracy
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Skin Equivalent ◽  
Tissue Component ◽  
Intact Skin ◽  
Similar Sequence ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Suprabasal Keratinocytes ◽  
Human Skin Equivalent

In intact skin the epidermal layer is a dynamic tissue component which is maintained by a basal layer of mitotically active cells. The protective upper epidermis, the stratum corneum, is generated by differentiation of the suprabasal keratinocytes which eventually desquamate as anuclear comeocytes. A similar sequence of events is observed in vitro in the non-contracting human skin equivalent (HSE) which was developed in this lab (1). As a part of the definition process for this model of living skin we are examining its ultrastructural features. Since desmosomes are important in maintaining cell-cell interactions in stratified epithelia their distribution in HSE was examined.

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